Saturday, September 19, 2020

Contextual vs Situational Awareness

This topic came up for discussion in Satsangs earlier around the contextual sensitivity of dharma, ethics, Ayurvedic medicine, Sanskrit in Hinduism and dharma traditions of India.

We probably already have a working understanding of these terms. As part of my professional Ganita/AI work, we employ 'contextual learning' when building automated recommendation and decision support systems. For example, the products and service we would recommend to a traveler depends on many things including their journey context. The same traveler may benefit from different offers from the AI system depending on whether she is traveling on company business or making a leisure trip with her family.

When the lady is walking to her car at night in a dimly lit parking lot, she would benefit from  situational awareness. This SA is about a person knowing what is going on around him/her and anticipating changes. This is known to be particularly important for pilots.

Using the term 'situational dharma' would be tricky and lead to confusion. A useful comparison between these two types of awareness can found here that may be useful  In particular (emphasis mine):

"Situation awareness is a construct to describe operators’ knowledge about a dynamic environment and is defined as “the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future” by Mica Endsley (Endsley, M.R. (1995) Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems, Human Factors, 37(1), 32-64.).


Context-awareness is a construct to describe capabilities of a system. Useful is the article Dey, A.K. (2001) Understanding and Using Context, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 5(1), 4 – 7. Dey defines: “A system is context-aware if it uses context to provide relevant information and/or services to the user, where relevancy depends on the user’s tasks.


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